Large pineapple specimens (5 photos)

10-20 m tall, up to 30-50 cm at breast height; old trees often with platelike roots; bark thick, black-brown; branchlets 2-6 mm thick, longitudinally crepey to smooth, glabrous; stipules clasping the stem in ringlets, relict scars evident. Leaves leathery, spirally arranged, elliptic or obovate, 7-15 cm or longer, 3-7 cm wide, apex obtuse or acuminate, base cuneate, mature leaves entire, or leaves on young trees and sprouting branches often divided, surface dark green, drying light green or light brown, glabrous, glossy, abaxially light green, slightly scabrous, leaf fleshy cells with long arms, resin cells globose or ellipsoid in tissue, lateral veins pinnate, 6-8 per side. 6-8 per side, midvein prominently raised abaxially; petiole 1-3 cm long; stipules amplexicaul, ovate, 1.5-8 cm long, outside appressed pilose or glabrous, glabrescent.

Large tree pineapple, inked line drawing

Flowers monoecious, inflorescences borne on old stems or short shoots, male inflorescences sometimes inserted in leaf axils of branch ends or in leaf axils of short shoots, terete or clavate-elliptic, 2-7 cm long, numerous flowers, some of which are rudimentary, the common pedicel 10-50 mm long; staminate perianth tubular, 1-1.5 mm long, bifid distally, puberulent, stamens 1, filaments erect in bud, anthers ellipsoid, without pistillode; female perianth tubular, apically toothed, base sunk into fleshy globose inflorescence axis, ovary 1-loculed.

Polygamous fruit ellipsoid to globose, or irregularly shaped, 30-100 cm long, 25-50 cm in diameter, light yellow when young, yellow-brown at maturity, with hard hexagonal verrucose bumps and coarse hairs on the surface; drupe long ellipsoid, ca. 3 cm long, 1.5-2 cm in diameter. Fl. [1]

Large Tree Pineapple (6 photos)

The fruit is not borne on the branches at the top of the tree, but on those small branches and leaves on the tree. Sometimes two or three branches are knotted together, oblong like a small mango when small, can be as big as a bucket when ripe, with bulging soft thorns around the circumference, the ancients said it is like the conch bun on the Buddha's head. The seed capsule like pomegranate together hundreds of dozens of grains as a ball. The flavor is sweet and rich, the meat can be eaten, and the kernel of each seed is like a chestnut, which can also be eaten.

2 growing environment editor

Happy tropical climate. Suitable for born in frost-free refining, annual rainfall abundant areas. Light-loving, fast-growing, slightly shade-tolerant when young, like deep fertile soil, avoid waterlogging.

3Distribution Editor

Large-tree pineapple Distribution map (red dots)

China Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan (south) is often cultivated. It is also cultivated in Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, and Malaysia. [2]

4Related species edit

Wild tree Polo Artocarpus chama Buch.-Ham.

Breadfruit tree Artocarpus incisus (Thunb.) L.f. [1]

5Value uses edit

Nutritive value

Da tree Pineapple Flesh

Daishu Pineapple is known as the "Queen of Tropical Fruits" and is the heaviest fruit in the world, with plump and soft flesh, sweet and sour taste, and rich flavor. With a variety of processing characteristics and pharmacological effects, so favored by many people. However, it cannot be eaten more than one, and more food makes one's chest tight, annoying and vomiting.

Modern medical research has confirmed that the large pineapple is rich in sugar, protein, B1, B2, B6, vitamin C, minerals, fat oils and so on. Pineapple nectar pulp calcium, magnesium content is particularly high, but also contains more zinc, iron, sodium, manganese and other beneficial elements, while cadmium, lead, arsenic and other harmful elements content is very low with. Pineapple nectar is also rich in organic components, the pulp contains 16.0%, 25.4% of carbohydrates, protein 1.2% to 1.9%, fat 0.1% to 0.4%, fiber 1.0% to 1.5%.

Medicinal value

Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: the fruit contains aurantiamideacetate (aurantiamideacetate), cycloartenone (cycloartenone), polysaccharides, organic acids, and potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and other metallic elements, but also Contains sugar 15.38%~26.30%, vitamin (vitmin) C, carotene and so on.

Taste and properties: sweet; slightly acidic; flat

Effects: quenching thirst and removing vexation; relieving alcohol and awakening the spleen

Classification of efficacy: medicine for the production of body fluid; medicine for the strengthening of the spleen

Use and dosage: for internal use: mostly used in the raw, fresh, 50-100g.

Discussions of various experts: 1.

Guangxi Medicinal Plant Directory: It is used to quench thirst, and helps digestion.

Garden value

The tree is neatly shaped, with a large crown and thick shade, and peculiar fruits, it is a beautiful shade tree and street tree.

6 Cultivation Technology Editor

The tree pineapple is a tropical fruit tree, suitable for tropical and warm south subtropical growth. Temperature is the most important ecological factor that determines whether the tree pineapple can be used for economic cultivation, yield and quality. According to the tree pineapple distribution and cultivation in China, in the annual average temperature ≥ 22 ℃, the coldest month average temperature ≥ 13 ℃, the absolute minimum temperature & gt; 0 ℃ area can be normal flowering and fruiting. Seedlings frozen at 5 ℃, young trees afraid of cold, large trees at 7 ℃ under the susceptibility to frost damage, the degree of damage with the intensity of low temperature and aggravation, light leaf yellowing, heavy branch tip death. Low temperature plus cloudy days and fog have a greater impact, will lead to flower and fruit drop. In the average annual temperature of 21 ~ 21.5 ℃ in the region can grow results, but the fruit is small, low yield. China's tree pineapple cultivation more Hainan, the average annual temperature of 23.1 ~ 25.4 ℃, the coldest January 16.6 ~ 20.7 ℃, the absolute minimum temperature are above 0 ℃. Guangdong tree pineapple more Gaozhou, Dianbai, the average annual temperature of 22.8 ℃ and 23.0 ℃, the coldest January 15.1 ℃ and 15.7 ℃. It can be known as an economic cultivation, should be developed in areas with high temperature.

The tree pineapple requires a moist environment, high annual growth and yield, adequate water, annual rainfall of more than 1200 millimeters of growth is better. However, the tree pineapple has a deep root system and is quite drought tolerant. China's tree pineapple suitable area of annual rainfall is mostly more than 1200 mm, and water, heat at the same time, mainly in the growing season rainfall, suitable for tree pineapple requirements, but generally more serious drought in the fall and winter drought, affecting the growth and nutrient accumulation, resulting in a large number of leaf drop. Spring drought also affects flowering. Therefore, drought should be prevented and moisturized, and irrigation should be used when possible.

The big tree pineapple requires adequate sunlight, Hainan and Guangdong existing tree pineapple producing areas of annual sunshine hours are in 1920 ~ 2400 hours, Hainan's Dongfang County, the most, up to 2667 hours. Sufficient sunshine, conducive to photosynthesis, branch tip growth and flowering and fruiting, flowering period of low temperature and rainy and low light, will prevent pollination and fertilization, so that disease increases, flowers and young fruit rot, fall off. But the tree pineapple is also quite shade-resistant, seedlings are more avoiding strong sunlight, so can be interplanted with coconut, lychee, longan, yellow skin, bananas and plantains, etc., appropriate and reasonable planting and leave more nutritious branch tips in line with the requirements of the tree pineapple.

Large pineapple tree is tall, large leaves, branches and trunk brittle, planting and often windy, typhoons, knocking down branches and leaves, breaking branches and trunk, affecting the growth of the year and the following year and the results, if the main trunk waist broken or the main branches all lost, it will take more than 10 years of recovery and growth before the results, so it is not suitable for planting in the wind mouth and the wind damage to the serious place of the garden.

Large tree pineapple is too strict on the choice of soil, a variety of soils can be adapted to, but the soil layer is deep, loose and fertile, well-drained soil is most suitable. In the village side, before and after the house soil is fertile, moist, tree pineapple growth fast, luxuriant branches and leaves, early results, high yield, good quality. Too dry and barren hillside, coastal sandy soil, slow growth, poor potential, pests and diseases, late results, low yield and poor quality. Fertile hilly slopes or flat land can be planted, but around the village, before and after the house, near the town, city streets and parks, green spaces and other densely populated places for the better, may be related to the higher concentration of carbon dioxide, sunlight is not too strong, high humidity and temperature, wind damage is less. [3]

7 Disease and Pest Control Edit

Boring borer

Boring fruit, young fruit stage with 90% trichlorfon's 1,000 times liquid spray. Ficus eight star aspen, drilling branches and trunks, available hooks to kill the larvae, and can be sucked full of trichlorfon cotton balls stuffed into the insect holes, and then use mud to close the hole mouth, in order to poison the larvae.

Anthrax

Can be prevented by spraying 1% Bordeaux solution and 25% Chlorothalonil 500-800 times alternately.

Fruit rot

The disease produces tea-brown spots at the beginning of the disease, and the tissue becomes soft after expanding, and the middle of the spots gradually turns into dark brown or black. In the fruit skin polygonal verruca on the surface to produce a lot of black dots, when serious, connected to a piece, when wet that is scattered a large number of white to black stripes. You can spray 1% Bordeaux solution or 50% carbendazim 500 times solution, every 7~10 days to spray 1 time.

Soft rot

This is a common and serious disease of pineapple honey, mainly affecting flowers and fruits. Initially appeared water clear brown or yellow-brown small pieces, on a small amount of white to gray-black filamentous material. The best way to prevent and control the disease is to use 25% of the 500 times liquid or 50% of the 500 times liquid of clonidine.

Egyptian mealybug

This insect tends to live in groups in the leaves. Its body is covered by many white secretions, and there are many fibrous secretions around the body, so it is very easy to be found. It can be sprayed with pesticides such as 40% oxolin 800~1000 times and turpentine 8~15 times, and 3% furadan can be buried in the roots to prevent and control it.

8 plant culture editor

Big Tree Pineapple (12)

Big Tree Pineapple's origin is India, Guangzhou Huangpu District in front of the South China Sea Temple of two pineapple trees, according to legend, is the Sixth Dynasty when a foreign tribute ship came to the South China Sea, the emissary brought pineapple seeds, planted ashore, and then the tribute ship suddenly sailed away, the rest of the emissary, "the people look at the left side of the Temple of grief and weeping, set up the Temple of the left side of the pineapple, and then the emissary," his people looked and He was left with this emissary, "his people looked and wept sadly, and set up the left side of the temple, and the natives thought that he was a god, and worshipped him in clay, adding one hand to his eyebrow as a far-away look, i.e., Daxi Sikong" (see Guangdong Xinyi). This clay statue of Da Xi Sikong still exists today, but it is broken.

The pineapple tree has a fruit as big as a watermelon, with a green shell full of soft thorns; and the fruit grows on a tall pineapple honey tree, which is why the people of Guangzhou call the pineapple tree a big pineapple tree. Later, these two pineapple trees were also known as the ancestors of all pineapple trees due to historical legends. The pineapple trees planted in various places today are directly and indirectly divided from these two trees.

In addition, pineapple nectar is a Buddhist term, also known as yohimbe. It is commonly rumored that pineapple trees do not blossom but are solid and sometimes bloom, but it is extremely difficult to see, so the Buddhist scriptures refer to the yoho blossom as a rare event. The pineapple trees in Guangdong are most famous for the two trees in front of the South Sea Temple in Huangpu. The common name of the South Sea Temple is called the Pineapple Temple, and the water in front of the temple is also called the Pineapple River.